Poultry provide globally important sources for a balance human diet.Therefore, Diseases of poultry are of major concern, both locally and on an international scale. Poultry refers to the raising of birds domestically or commercially. Chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, guinea fowl and squabs are some poultry birds. There are a number of common diseases which can simply affect the respiratory poultry. Due to modern systems of management, usually with great poultry densities, these diseases can easily be spread out.

There are some common types of diseases:

Rickets

Rickets is one of the nutritional diseases. It can occur in young birds due to the deficiency of vitamin D3, calcium and/or phosphorus. This disease can arise when over-diluted food is provided to birds. However, in the presence of sunlight, Birds can synthesize their own vitamin D but up to a certain extent.
This disease can reduce the production and quality of eggs in egg-laying birds. In severe cases, it can lead to another disease called cage-layer fatigue (brittle-bone disease, osteoporosis).The birds affected by this disease can\’t rise on the floor.

Vitamin A Deficiency

This disease is caused by the deficiency of vitamin A. This is also a Nutritional Disease. Usually small flocks are affected by this disease. The birds fall in it if their food consists of grain only. They can obtain vitamin A from green feed in the summer season, and have potential to store it for a short period of time in their liver. If the green feed is gone, they become deficient unless they get vitamin A from another source.

Symptoms of this disease are staggering, thinness, and paleness and blindness and Blood spots in eggs of egg laying birds. If this disease is diagnosed at early stage, then provide the birds food with vitamin supplement.

Coccidiosis

Coccidiosis is caused by parasites. It is common in those birds which have access to their own litter. Coccidiosis can cause a reduction in bird growth or production. Severe form of this infection can kill birds. Dietary coccidiostats are usually used to treat or control this disease.

Mites

Mites is also caused by parasitic infection. Parasites that cause this disease are small, black, blood-sucking insects. These insects don\’t kill the birds, but can cause eggs reduction in laying hens.

Insecticides can be used to get rid of this insects.Leaving the chicken house empty between flocks also helps to get rid of them.

Lice

Lice are also parasites like Mites but not as common as mites. Lice feed on skin follicles, so they can cause a reduction in production of birds. It is better to use insecticides to get rid of them. Lice can also be controlled by leaving the house of flocks or birds empty.

Metabolic Diseases

Metabolic diseases affect internal body metabolism and development in commercial and back-yard poultry flocks. These diseases can cause death of affected flocks. The birds most affected by this disease are turkeys and broiler chickens.
Two of the more important types of these diseases are the cardiopulmonary disorders, and ascites.

Metabolic diseases can be reduced significantly by slowing early growth rate that can be achieved by mild feed restriction. For example, provide food to the birds during the daylight period only (make sure that the birdsare at leastone week old).Another way is to provide less concentrated foods to the birds.

Disease Prevention:

– Sanitation
Appropriate sanitation and disinfection helps to prevent diseases transfer from the old flocks to the new one.
– Isolation
isolating poultry flocks from other animals reduces the chances of the transfer of disease.
– Vaccination

It is appropriate to vaccinate flocks for various infectious diseases. These vaccines prevent the attack of that particular disease in future.

Author Bio: There are different causes of Poultry diseases but there are two main categories of the direct cause that include infectious and the non-infectious. Click here for Poultry diseases

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Keywords: Poultry farming, Hatcheries, Poultry feed, Poultry export, Poultry exports, Poultry, Poultry farming