Movement is one of the basic life functions and is also a vital, everyday need. To perform movement, we need a well-functioning gear supporting or skeletal system, which is cemented to each other by joints. Each joint is a cavity between two or more bones; the articular ends of bones are covered with cartilage. The joint is wrapped in an articular capsule, having two layers – an inner synovial, which is called the synovial lining, and produces a viscous fluid allowing a smooth and continuous motion of the joint; and the outer layer of the housing is rigid, fibrous, and may be reinforced by articular ligaments and muscle insertions, or muscles themselves.

Motor movement of striated muscle is by the muscular system, and everything is under control of the nervous system, which gives accurate impulse muscles. Any disability of this system can cause limitations or exclusion of certain of our body movement patterns, which can lead to partial or total disability. Also, the affected part itself may undergo secondary changes that may affect the human organism as a whole, and worsen the condition again.

Musculoskeletal disability is generally divided into accidental and nontraumatic. As for accidental disability, it can be divided according to the age of those having accidents and injuries, into younger and elderly. The injuries of those of younger age are dominated by so-called high-energy injuries arising from various sports and activities without any protection, falls from heights, or car crashes – a typical cluster is long bone fractures, articular areas, and muscle contusion – and this group has a significant number of soft tissue injuries, such as joint injuries and articular ligaments, in sports activities that occur on the basis of less intense and chronic stress.

The injuries of those of older age are dominated by low-energy injuries that often result from a banal accident mechanism – for example, a fall on the shoulder gives rise to a neck fracture of the humerus; the fall of the classic hip fracture occurs at the femoral neck, which brings the patient\’s immobilization in bed and causes a syndrome, if not quickly and aggressively treated.

Nontraumatic musculoskeletal disability arises on the de facto basis of the biological process of aging, and the onset is faster overloading or excessive unilateral load on the locomotor system. A typical example is osteoarthritis. It is a degenerative disease of the articular cartilage at first, followed by cartilage and the adjacent bone, called the subchondral bone. The disease typically takes place in four stages, and most often affects the large load joints (the hip and knee). One must add that they may occur in virtually any joint in the body – for example, the wrist or arm may be affected. In the first phase of the disease occurs shredded cartilage, followed by the detection of bone under the cartilage. The articular fluid is irritated and aggressive and leads to compaction and formation of bone cysts. This process is very painful. In the final stage, there is a narrowing to disappearance of the joint space, and painful limitation of the motion of the joint, accompanied by pain and nocturnal rest. Restrictions on movement from stress leads to the joint\’s chronic development of immobilization syndrome, with all its consequences.

Lawrence Reaves recommends this site for MRI use and click here for information on shoulder care.

Lawrence Reaves recommends this medical website for orthopedic issues – http://www.osc-ortho.com/services/mri.html and http://www.osc-ortho.com/services/shoulder.html

Author Bio: Lawrence Reaves recommends this site for MRI use and click here for information on shoulder care.

Category: Medicines and Remedies
Keywords: medicine, health, pain, lifestyle, advice, fitness, sport, arthritis, technology