A bunion is a hard, bony protuberance that is generally found at the base of the big toe. A less common form of bunion can be found on the other side of the foot at the base of the small toe. This is known as a tailor’s bunion. This occurs when a fluid filled sac called the bursa becomes inflamed and thickens. Bunions can become red, swollen and can be very painful. As the condition progresses, the presence of a bunion usually causes the big toe to lean in toward the second toe and can cause permanent bone deformities.

Bunions are commonly found to have been caused by wearing shoes that fit too tightly, though in other cases they may also be caused by genetic defect or other underlying conditions such as arthritis. If the big toe is forced inward by a tight-fitting shoe, this can cause irritation and inflammation. If this practice is continued over time, it may lead to the formation of a bunion. They are also found much more prevalently in people who wear stiletto and heeled shoes that strain the feet and commonly fit more tightly.

Bunions are a very common occurrence and are found disproportionately more in women than in men. It is said that more than half of American women suffer from the condition (about 2 to 4 times more than men.) There are some studies that suggest that bunions occur nearly ten times more in women. This undoubtedly is due to the cultural trends regarding women’s shoes. In order to avoid developing a bunion, woman should be advised to wear comfortable shoes that will allow enough room for the toes and foot. Low heels are recommended over stilettos so that there is not too much strain put on the ball of the foot.

Often, diagnosis of a bunion can be achieved simply by visual inspection. The bony protuberance is a very obvious symptom and can be observed fairly easily by a physician. However, to be sure, or in cases that are less obvious, an x-ray of the foot can be conducted. This test is very effective in seeing what is going on regarding alignment of the toes. If the x-ray reveals that the toe is bending in toward the inside of the foot, that is fairly conclusive find and a bunion will typically be diagnosed. It is important, however, to make sure that there are no other underlying conditions that may be present such as gout or arthritis.

Treatments for bunions can be as simple as changing out current footwear for roomier, low-heeled shoes that will allow for a low-stress healing environment. In some cases, special insoles may be provided to encourage proper healing. Anti-inflammatory drugs, like ibuprofen or cortisone injections, may be an option if excessive swelling is observed. Sometimes stretching exercises can help alleviate some of the symptoms. In severe cases, or those with severe pain, surgery may be an appropriate option. Typically, the bunion will be surgically removed and the foot is then realigned to a more normal position.

Author Bio: Dr. Robert Neufeld, DPM is a board-certified podiatrist specializing in the treatment of foot and ankle pain. Dr. Neufeld started a private practice in 1983, & became a professional member of prestigious organizations such as the New Jersey Podiatric Medical Society. http://www.robertneufeld.com

Category: Medical Business
Keywords: bunions,foot care,feet,podiatry,foot conditions,foot pain,toe pain